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A. Technology and Science
By the end of 8th grade, students should know that:
- In earlier times, the accumulated information and techniques of each generation of workers were taught on the job directly to the next generation of workers.
- Technology is essential to science for such purposes as access to outer space and other remote locations, sample collection and treatment, measurement, data collection and storage, computation, and communication of information.
- Engineers, architects, and others who engage in design and technology use scientific knowledge to solve practical problems.
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B. Design and Systems
By the end of 8th grade, students should know that:
- Design usually requires taking constraints into account.
- All technologies have effects other than those intended by the design, some of which may have been predictable and some not.
- Almost all control systems have inputs, outputs, and feedback.
- Systems fail because they have faulty or poorly matched parts, are used in ways that exceed what was intended by the design, or were poorly designed to begin with.
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C. Issues in Technology
By the end of 8th grade, students should know that:
- The human ability to shape the future comes from a capacity for generating knowledge and developing new technologies and for communicating ideas to others.
- Technology cannot always provide successful solutions for problems or fulfill every human need.
- Throughout history, people have carried out impressive technological feats, some of which would be hard to duplicate today even with modern tools.
- Technology has strongly influenced the course of history and continues to do so.
- New technologies increase some risks and decrease others.
- Rarely are technology issues simple and one-sided.
- Societies influence what aspects of technology are developed and how these are used.
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